Cylindrical Coordinates Calculator

Coordinates are used to describe the position of any point in space. When given the set of three coordinates, you can uniquely define a point located in a three-dimensional space.

The Cartesian coordinate system is created by choosing three lines, all perpendicular to each other, and crossing a common point known as the origin. These lines are called the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis. Each pair of axes defines a plane. The coordinates of any arbitrary point are defined as the distance between that point and each plane.

The cylindrical coordinate system is an extension of the polar system in three dimensions. It means that the system, just like the polar one, has a pole – a central point (most often overlapping with the origin of the Cartesian system) and a polar axis – a ray that starts in the pole as in located on the CY plane (that is, at a level where z=0z=0). Additionally, the z-axis is used to describe the position of the point.

In the cylindrical system, every point has three coordinates (ρρ, θθ, zz). First, you have to project the analyzed point to the XY plane. Then, draw a line between this projected point and the pole. ρρ is the distance between the pole and the projected point, measured on the XY plane only. θθ is the angle created by the line you drew and the polar axis. The third coordinate, zz, is the vertical distance between the original and projected points.

🙋 Use our distance calculator to find the distances between points in the blink of an eye!

You can, of course, use the cylindrical coordinates calculator to find the polar coordinates in a 2D space. Then, the z-coordinate will always be equal to 0.

Let's say you want to convert the Cartesian coordinates of a point to cylindrical ones. (Our calculator assumes that the origin overlaps with the pole, and the z-axes are the same for both systems.) You need to apply the following equations:

• r=x2+y2​r=x2+y2​

• θ=arctan(y/x)θ=arctan(y/x)

• z2​=z1​z2​=z1​

where:

• (x, y, z1​)(x, y, z1​) – Cartesian coordinates; and
• (ρ, θ, z2​)(ρ, θ, z2​) – Cylindrical coordinates.

The cylindrical coordinates are subject to the following constraints:

• ρρ must be equal or greater than 00; and
• θθ has to lie within the range (−π,π](−π,π].

You can also use our cylindrical coordinates calculator to convert cylindrical coordinates to Cartesian. In order to do that, simply use the formulas below:

• x=ρ×cos(θ)x=ρ×cos(θ)

• y=ρ×sin(θ)y=ρ×sin(θ)

• z1​=z2​z1​=z2​

🙋 You might also be interested in our spherical coordinates calculator or in our polar to cartesian coordinates calculator.